Digestion is a process by which food is broken down into its various components. Digestion is a two-way process and depends on the stimulation provided to the GI tract during the digestion of foods. A simple discussion may make it clear that there are many facets of the digestive system and some of them depend upon the functioning of the individual organs other than digestion.
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Every human being is capable of some digestive functions. But the main function of the digestive system is to convert the foods we eat into energy useful for our body. Digestion then converts this energy into food particles and further into physical form as stool or urine. In the normal functioning of the body the digestive system also excretes waste products from our body. Waste products form a part of the mineral reserves of the body. Waste from the food, if not expelled, tends to build up in the colon leading to constipation and consequently to diarrhea.
This article will help you understand Digestion better. The first thing that one should understand regarding digestion in the small intestine is that the digestive system starts working only when the food stuff passes through the small intestine unbroken. After digestion is complete the food is again stored in the colon. The human body has a lot of stored reserve of food, in fact the body has the capability to digest more than 200 times its own weight in food. Hence the human body has the option of storing excess food that can be consumed at a later time.
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The main function of the stomach is to break down the food that has been consumed so that the absorbed liquid can be eliminated from the body by sweating. The gastric juices produced by the stomach are then absorbed by the small intestine. Only small quantity of water is absorbed by the stomach, because when it fills with water the gastric juices start to lose their force.
One important factor about digestion is that the amount of food and fluid that enters the digestive tract depends largely on the health of the person. If you are diabetic, chances are high that the digestive system will work a lot overtime than usual. On the other hand, if you are healthy, you will be able to absorb food easily and the process will not take much time. This means that the body will have adequate quantities of glucose to use for energy and the digestion process will go smoothly.
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There are two types of glands found in the stomach – the secretory stomach pouches and the mucoid plaque. The gastric juices and the fat contained in the small intestine travel through these two glands to reach the bloodstream. The main function of these glands is to produce digestive juices while the fat helps in the digestion of the food. The food that reaches the stomach passes through the small intestine before being absorbed by the body.
Food particles that remain in the stomach are converted into acids which cause severe digestive problems. These particles cannot be absorbed by the body unless they reach the small intestine. This is where the enzyme amylase acts to break down the protein found in the partly digested food particle. This helps the absorption of the nutrients from the food. If there is amylase in the blood, then the digestion will take much lesser time and the food will be readily absorbed.
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Two conditions are necessary for a successful digestion process. One is the presence of good digestion enzymes and another is the absence of certain bacteria. Bacteria help in the digestion process by acting as catalysts by breaking down the carbohydrates present in the food. Without the presence of such bacteria, the digestion will be slow. Amylase can also be called the mother of all enzymes, as it is responsible for the breakdown of carbohydrates.
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